Who developed the five stages of grief?

The five stages of grief were developed by Elizabeth Kubler-Ross, who introduced this model in her book "On Death and Dying," published in 1969. Kubler-Ross identified these stages—denial, anger, bargaining, depression, and acceptance—through her work with terminally ill patients. Her model provides a framework for understanding the emotional response to loss, particularly in the context of death, and has been influential in both psychology and various support practices.

The other individuals mentioned are significant figures in their respective fields but are not associated with the concept of the five stages of grief. Anna Freud was known for her work in child psychoanalysis and the development of ego psychology. Carolina Sullivan is not a widely recognized figure in terms of grief theory, and Viktor Frankl is best known for his contributions to existential psychology and the concept of finding meaning in suffering, particularly through his experiences in concentration camps during World War II. While all these figures have made substantial contributions to psychology, it is Kubler-Ross who specifically developed the widely known model addressing grief.